Flight instruments are crucial to conducting safe flight operations and it is important that the pilot have a basic understanding of their operation. All instrument procedures, including standard instrument departure procedures (SIDS), departure procedures (DPs), holding patterns, and approaches, consists mainly of accurate attitude instrument flying and accurate tracking using navigation systems.
PHAK Ch-08 Flight Instruments
PHAK 16-22 Ground-Based Navigation
IFH Ch-05 Flight Instruments
IFH Ch-09 Navigation Systems
91.205 Instrument and equipment requirements
Instrument ACS Page 7 Task B. Aircraft Instruments and Navigation Equipment